Chapter 2: The
Deity of His Person
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New Testament Teaching These beautiful Old Testament passages are fully corroborated in the New Testament where the subject of our Lord’s deity is constantly and consistently brought before us. He is described as "the image of the invisible God" Col.1.15, and "the express image of His (God’s) person" Heb.1.3. In the New Testament, the Holy Spirit uses two Greek words when describing the Lord Jesus as the "image of God".
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신약의 가르침
이 아름다운 구약의 구절들은 우리의
주님 신성의 주제가 신약 어디에서나 완전히 입증되며, 끊임없이 그리고 지속적으로 우리 앞에 가져왔다. 그분은 "보이지 않는 하나님의 형상"(골
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This is used in Col.1.15, as noted above, and in 2 Cor.4.4, "Lest the light of the glorious gospel of Christ, who is the image of God, should shine unto them." As the "image of God", Christ is ‘essentially and absolutely the perfect expression and representation of God. As "the image of the invisible God", Christ is the visible representation and manifestation of God to created beings’ (W. E. Vine). Compare Heb.10.1, "For the law, having a shadow of good things to come, and not the very image of the things."
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‘eijkwvn’(에이콘)
이것은 위에서 언급한 골
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The same word, eikon, occurs in Matt.22.20, "whose image and superscription is this?" 1 Cor.11.7, "For a man indeed ought not to cover his head forasmuch as he is the image and glory of God"; Rev.13.15, "And he had power to give life unto the image of the beast." In each case, the "image" is not the reality: It represents and manifests the reality. In the case of a coin, the image will change as a reign proceeds, but not Christ. He does not age or deteriorate! But the Lord Jesus does not represent the reality: He is God absolutely and essentially. He is not the likeness of the invisible God, but the "image of the invisible God". He alone has manifested God. See Jn.1.18, "No man hath seen God at any time; the only begotten Son, which is in the bosom of the Father, He hath declared Him"; Jn.14.9, "he that hath seen Me hath seen the Father." He displays the very nature and attributes of God by His power, omniscience, holiness and love. In this respect we must distinguish between Adam and Christ. Adam was made in the "image of God" Gen.1.26,27, and men … are made after the similitude of God" Jms.3.9. In contradistinction the Lord Jesus was not made in "the image of God" – He is God.
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동일한 단어, eijkwvn(에이콘)은
마
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‘Charakter’ This is used in Heb.1.3, "who being the brightness of His (God’s) glory and the express image of His (God’s) person …". ‘Charakter’, from a verb meaning ‘to engrave’ or ‘cut into’, originally denoted the instrument used in engraving, which we call a ‘stamp’ or ‘die’, but came to signify the impression made by the instrument. Just as all the features of the impression correspond exactly with the instrument which makes it, so Christ bears the exact impress of the divine nature and character. (M. R. Vincent, W. E. Vine). The words, "express image of His person" or "expression of His substance" (J.N.D.), emphasise that all the attributes of God belong to Him: There is nothing lacking. See Col.2.9, "For in Him dwelleth all the fullness of the Godhead bodily." In this connection, we must notice the connection with the previous verse: "Beware lest any man spoil you through philosophy and vain deceit, after the tradition of men, after the rudiments of the world, and not after Christ. For in Him dwelleth all the fulness of the Godhead bodily." On the one hand we have the emptiness of philosophy, and on the other we have the perfect revelation of God in Christ.
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이것은 히
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In the first case it is speculation, and in the second it is revelation. In Christ dwells all the fulness (completeness) of the absolute Godhead, essentially and perfectly: The very Personality of God. As W. Kelly points out, "the fulness of the Godhead never dwelt in the Father bodily, or in the Holy Ghost, but only in Christ." God is known because of incarnation: Hence, "in Him dwelleth all the fulness of the Godhead bodily." There is nothing speculative here. The Lord Jesus is "God … manifest in the flesh" 1 Tim.3.16. It is He of Whom John wrote: "That which was from the beginning, which we have heard, which we have seen with our eyes, which we have looked upon, and our hands have handled, of the Word of life" 1 Jn.1.1.
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첫 번째 경우는 추측이고, 두 번째에 그것은 계시이다. 그리스도 안에서 절대적 신격의 충만함(완전함)은 본질적으로 그리고 완벽하게 거한다: 하나님의 인격. W. 켈리가 지적한 것처럼 "신격의 충만함은 결코 아버지 안에 또는 성령 안에 육체적으로 거하지 않았지만
오직 그리스도 안에만 계신다.” 하나님이 성육신으로 말미암아 알려졌다: 그러므로 "그분 안에는 하나님의 신격의 모든 충만이
몸으로
거하고.” 여기에 아무 추론적인 것은 없다. 주 예수님은 "하나님께서 육체 안에 나타나시고"(딤전
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John’S Emphasis Since, as we have noticed, John wrote "that ye might believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God" Jn.20.31, we can expect the apostle to lay great emphasis on this fact, and we now draw attention to the way in which he deals with this all-important subject. This will provide opportunity to consider other New Testament passages which bear upon the different aspects of his great theme.
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요한의 강조
우리가 관찰한 것처럼 요한은 "예수님께서 하나님의 아들 그리스도이심을 너희가 믿게 하려 함이요"(요
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If The Lord Jesus Is God, He Must Be Eternal God is eternal: "the eternal God is thy refuge, and underneath are the everlasting arms" Deut.33.27. John refers to the eternity of the Lord Jesus on the threshold of his Gospel, "In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. The same was in the beginning with God" Jn.1.1. The expression, "the Word" is the Old Testament "word of the Lord" shortened. He reveals the invisible God. We must briefly notice the following:
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주 예수님이 하나님이라면, 그분은 영원해야 한다.
하나님은 영원하시다: "영원한 하나님 께서
네 피난처가 되시며 영존하는 팔들이 밑에 있도다 "(신 33:27). 요한은 그의 복음서 시작과
동시에 주 예수님의 영원을 언급한다 "처음에 말씀이 계셨고 말씀이 하나님과 함께 계셨으며
말씀이 하나님이셨더라 그분께서 처음에 하나님과 함께 계셨고"(요
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"In the beginning was the Word." John does not say ‘from the beginning’, but "in the beginning". He was present eternally. The expression "in the beginning" refers to a state, not to a start.
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그분의 영원성
"처음에 말씀이 계셨고." 요한은 '처음부터'라고 말하지 않고 '처음에'라고 말한다. 그분은 영원히 존재하셨다. "처음에"라는 말은 상태가 아닌 시작을 의미한다.
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His Equality "… And the Word was with God." These words have been explained as ‘perpetual inter-communion.’ He was, and remains, ‘face to face with God.’ This is emphasised in Phil.2.6, "Who, being in the form of God, thought it not robbery to be equal with God" where the word "equal" is actually plural. The Lord Jesus was, and is, ‘on equalities with God’. In every respect and in every detail, He answers to absolute Deity.
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그분의 평등성
"... 하나님과 함께 계셨으며." 이 단어들은 '영원한 상호 교제'라고 설명되어 왔다. 그분은 '하나님과 직접 마주하고’ 있었다. 이것은 빌
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His Deity "And the Word was God." Referring again to Phil.2.6, we must notice that while He "took upon Him the form of a servant, and was made in the likeness of men" v.7, He never ‘took upon Him the form of God’, or ‘was made in the likeness of God.’ The word "being" in the expression, "being in the form of God", emphasises His eternal deity. W. E. Vine points out that the verb "being" (huparcho) "points to the existence of a person prior to what is stated of him", and gives a number of illustrations from the New Testament, including Acts 2.30.
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그분의 신성
"말씀은 하나님이셨다." 빌
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The word "form" (morphe) "denotes the special or the characteristic form of a person" (W. E. Vine). Vine quotes Gifford (‘The Incarnation of Christ’): "Morphe is properly the nature or essence ... as actually subsisting in the individual, and retained as long as the individual itself exists ... morphe Theou ("the form of God") is the Divine nature actually and inseparably subsisting in the person of Christ." The word is used again in v.7, He "took upon Him the form of a servant."
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"형태"(morfhv,모르페)라는 단어는 사람의 특수한 또는 특징적인 형태를 나타낸다(W.E. 바인). 바인은 기포드의 ("그리스도의 성육신")을 인용한다: "모르페는 전적인 본질로 또는 실체로 … 개인 속에 실재로 존재하고, 개인 그 자체가 존재하는 한 유지된다 ... 모르페 데오스(“하나님의 형체")는 실제로는 하나님의 본질이며 그리스도의 위격 안에서 불가분하게 존재한다." 이 단어는 7절에서 다시 사용되고 있다, 그분은 "자기 위에 종의 형체를 취하시고."
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The words above, "being in the form of God", should be compared with Heb.1.3, "Who being the brightness of His glory." This emphasises His essential nature, apart from time. He is the effulgence, the outshining of God’s glory. It has been said that "the Divine glory which was seen in the Shekinah cloud resting on the tabernacle is now fully manifested in Christ, the true Shekinah." Whilst God "spake in time past unto the fathers by the prophets" (where there was a distinction in identity between God and His servants) He has "in these last days spoken unto us by His Son" (where there is no distinction in nature between God and His Son). J.N.D. has "spoken in the person of His Son" Heb.1.1,2.
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위의 단어 "하나님의 형체로 존재"는 히
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His Distinct Personality "The same was in the beginning with God." Whilst the Lord Jesus said "I and my Father are one" Jn.10.3, He also said, "I came forth from the Father, and am come into the world: again, I leave the world, and go to the Father" Jn.16.28.
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그분의 독특한 개성
"처음에 하나님과 동일하게 있었다." 하지만 주 예수님은 "나와 나의 아버지는 하나 이니라"고 말씀하셨다(요
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Jon has more to say in connection with this aspect of the Lord’s Deity. In response to the question, "Thou art not yet fifty years old, and hast thou seen Abraham?" the Lord replied, "Verily, verily, I say unto you, Before Abraham was, I am." The Jews understood His claim perfectly. He stated His absolute Deity. "Then took they up stones to cast at Him" Jn.8.57,58. Again, having said "I and my Father are one", the Jews said "For a good work we stone Thee not but for blasphemy; and because Thou, being a man, makest Thyself God" Jn.10.31-33. In an entirely different setting it is John who records the Lord’s words, "And now, O Father, glorify Thou Me, with Thine own self, with the glory that I had with Thee before the world was" Jn.17.5. He had glorified the Father on earth, v.4, and who else could claim reciprocity but the Son of God?
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요한은 주님의 신성의 이 측면과 관련하여
더 많은 것을 말하고 있다. "네가 아직 오십 세도 안 되었는데 아브라함을 보았느냐?"라는 질문에 대한 답으로 "진실로
진실로 내가 너희에게 이르노니 아브라함이 있기 전에 내가 있느니라." 유대인들은 그분의
주장을 완벽하게 이해했다. 그분은 절대적인 신성을 말했다.
"그때에 그들이 돌을 들어 그분을 치려 하거늘"(요
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Other Passages Emphasising His Eternality There are other Scriptures that emphasise our Lord’s eternity. For example, Micah 5.2, "out of thee (Beth-lehem Ephratah) shall He come forth unto Me that is to be ruler in Israel; whose goings forth have been from of old, from everlasting" ("days of eternity" J.N.D.). This wonderfully contrasts with the expression "the days of his flesh" Heb.5.7. As to the future He is called "the everlasting Father" Isa.9.6 and Heb.1.10-12 also points to His eternity with the words, "And, Thou, Lord, in the beginning hast laid the foundation of the earth; and the heavens are the work of Thine hands: they shall perish, but Thou remainest: and they all shall wax old as doth a garment; and as a vesture shalt Thou fold them up, and they shall be changed: but Thou art the same, and Thy years shall not fail."
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그분의 영원성을 강조하는 다른 구절들
우리 주님의 영원성을 강조하는 다른
성경들이 있다. 예를 들면, 미가서
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If The Lord Jesus Is God He Must Be Omnipotent John tells us that "all things were made by Him; and without Him was not anything made that was made" Jn.1.3. This should be compared with Col.1.16,17, where the expression "all things" occurs four times. The relationship between the Lord Jesus and creation in these verses has been most appropriately summarised as follows:
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주 예수님이 하나님이라면 그분은 전능해야 한다.
요한은 "모든 것이 그분에 의해 만들어졌으니 만들어진 것 중에 그분 없이 만들어진 것은 하나도 없었더라"고 우리에게 말한다. 이것은 "모든 것"이라는 표현이 4번 나오는 골
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He is the Architect of Creation, v16a "For by (en) Him were all things created, that are in (en) heaven, and that are in (epi, meaning ‘upon’) earth, visible and invisible, whether they be thrones, or dominions, or principalities, or powers ...". The preposition en gives rise to the translation, "For in Him were all things created." He designed every part of creation! Quite obviously, therefore, He is outside of creation, distinct from creation, and greater than creation. The words, "thrones ... dominions ... principalities ... powers", evidently refer, not to human authorities, but to unseen authorities. This is clear from the fact that they are mentioned in connection with creation. See also Eph.6.12, where "principalities and powers" certainly refer to the spirit world. At His voice creation sprang at once to sight: All the angel-faces, all the hosts of light, Thrones and dominions, stars upon their way, All the heavenly orders, in their great array. (Caroline Maria Noel)
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그분은 창조의 설계자이다(16절상).
"이는 그분에 의해(ejn엔) 모든 것이 창조되었기 때문이라. 하늘에(ejn엔) 있는 것들과 땅에(‘위에’를 의미하는 것) 있는
것들, 보이는 것들과 보이지 아니하는 것들 곧 왕좌들이나 통치들이나 정사들이나 권능들이나 ... "(ejn엔) 전치사는 "그분에 의해
모든 것이 창조되었다." 그분은 창조의 모든 부분을 고안 하셨다! 따라서 분명히, 그분은 창조의 밖에서 창조하시고 피조물보다 더
위대하신 분이다. "왕좌들 ... 통치들 ... 정사들 ... 권능들"
단어들은 분명히 인간의 권위가 아니라 보이지 않는 권위를 가리킨다. 이것은 창조와 관련하여
언급된 사실로부터 분명하다. 또한 "정사들과
권능들"이 확실히 영의 세계를 가리키는 엡
피조물이 그분의 음성으로 한 순간에 나타났다.
모든 천사 얼굴들과 빛의 모든 무리들,
왕좌와 통치자들, 도중에 별들,
그들의 위대한 배치, 모든 하늘의 명령에 따라
(캐롤라인 마리아 노엘)
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He is the Agent of creation, v.16b "All things were created by Him." The preposition is now dia, meaning ‘through’. See J.N.D. margin here: "the instrumental power." He not only designed the universe; He built it. "All things were made by Him: and without Him was not any thing made that was made" Jn.1.3. "And, Thou, Lord, in the beginning hast laid the foundation of the earth; and the heavens are the works of Thine hands" Heb.1.10.
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그분은 창조의 행위자이다(16절 중).
"모든 것은 그분에 의해
창조 되었다." 전치사는 통하여를
의미하는 diav(디아) 가 이제 있다. 여기는 JND의 난하주를 참조하라: "수단이 되는 능력". 그분은 우주를 설계했을
뿐만 아니라 그분이 그것을 세웠다. "모든
것이 그분에 의해 만들어졌으니 만들어진 것 중에 그분 없이 만들어진 것은 하나도 없었더라"(요
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He is the Aim of creation, v.16c "All things were made by Him, and for Him." Compare Heb.2.10, "for whom are all things, and by whom are all things"; Rev.4.11, "Thou art worthy, O Lord, to receive glory and honour and power: for Thou hast created all things, and for Thy pleasure they are and were created." We can therefore be absolutely certain that "the whole creation" which "groaneth and travaileth in pain together until now" Rom.8.22, will ultimately fulfil its purpose, and bring joy and pleasure to its Creator.
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그분은 창조의 목표이다(16절 하)
"모든 것이 그분에 의해 창조되고 그분을 위하여 창조되었노라"를
히
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He is Antecedent to creation, v.17a "And He is before (pro) all things." He precedes creation. He precedes creation because, unlike creation, He is unoriginated and underived. He has "neither beginning of days, nor end of life" Heb.7.3.
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그분은 창조에 선행자이다(17 상)
"또한 그분께서는 모든 것보다 먼저(prov(프로) 계시고." 그분은 창조에 우선한다. 그분이 창조에 우선하고 창조되지 않았기 때문에 그분은 시작되지 않고 파생되지 않는다. 그분은 "시작한 날도 없고 생명의 끝도 없다"(히
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He is the Administrator of creation, v.17b "And by Him all things consist" or "All things subsist together by Him" (J.N.D.). Creation ‘adheres’ by His power. The Lord Jesus upholds "all things by the word of His power" Heb.1.3. He has created "all things", and He maintains "all things." The law of gravity, and every other ‘law’ in creation, are His laws. Nothing moves or functions without Him! Christ is "the unifying power of creation, or else the cosmos would be in chaos" (T. Bentley).
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그분은 창조의 주인이다(17절 하).
"모든 것은 그분으로 말미암아 존재하느니라." "모든
것들이 그분에 의해 함께 생존한다"(JND). 창조는 그분의 능력으로 '충실'하다. 주 예수님은 "자신의 권능의 말씀으로 모든 것을"(히
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